Iran Nuclear Deal

US' Stance and Role of Europe

Abstract

The success of multilateral process in finding a diplomatic solution of Iran nuclear programme has been undermined by the US withdrawal from the JCPOA. The E3 - which played a crucial role in Iran nuclear deal- has been making efforts for preserving nuclear deal, however, it appears to be realistically falling short of expectation of Tehran. Economic engagement begun to expand after the conclusion of JCPOA- has now been substantially constrained due to sanctions imposed by the Trump administration. Different trans-Atlantic partners' approaches left them divided, and deep existing geopolitical fault lines in the Middle East have further been sharpened. European countries refused to join American naval mission in order to protect oil tankers in Persian Gulf. Iran regional roles, its missile programme, recent accusation of attacks on tankers, have further enhanced tensions in the region. European countries vow to preserve the deal in the interests of nuclear nonproliferation; and regional and International security and stepping their diplomatic efforts for reducing the tensions and keeping Iran in the nuclear agreement. Although Iran pressurises Europe and reportedly violated deal commitments, it keeps its doors open for diplomacy and a ‘practical solution'.

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3874105